{"id":2919,"date":"2025-06-04T03:55:32","date_gmt":"2025-06-04T03:55:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mielogroup.com\/?p=2919"},"modified":"2025-06-04T10:28:40","modified_gmt":"2025-06-04T10:28:40","slug":"mica-vs-mifid-when-crypto-becomes-a-financial-instrument","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mielogroup.com\/es\/mica-vs-mifid-when-crypto-becomes-a-financial-instrument\/","title":{"rendered":"MiCA vs MiFID: Cuando el cripto se convierte en un instrumento financiero"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"2919\" class=\"elementor elementor-2919\" data-elementor-settings=\"{&quot;element_pack_global_tooltip_width&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;element_pack_global_tooltip_width_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;element_pack_global_tooltip_width_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;element_pack_global_tooltip_padding&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;top&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;right&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;bottom&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;left&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;isLinked&quot;:true},&quot;element_pack_global_tooltip_padding_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;top&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;right&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;bottom&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;left&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;isLinked&quot;:true},&quot;element_pack_global_tooltip_padding_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;top&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;right&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;bottom&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;left&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;isLinked&quot;:true},&quot;element_pack_global_tooltip_border_radius&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;top&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;right&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;bottom&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;left&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;isLinked&quot;:true},&quot;element_pack_global_tooltip_border_radius_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;top&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;right&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;bottom&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;left&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;isLinked&quot;:true},&quot;element_pack_global_tooltip_border_radius_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;top&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;right&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;bottom&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;left&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;isLinked&quot;:true}}\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7e37cbd e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"7e37cbd\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5132d7e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5132d7e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Con la entrada en vigor del Reglamento sobre Mercados de Criptoactivos (MiCA), la Uni\u00f3n Europea cuenta ahora con un marco regulador espec\u00edfico para los criptoactivos. Pero no todos los tokens entran en el \u00e1mbito de MiCA.<\/p>\n<p>Algunos criptoactivos pueden clasificarse como <strong>instrumentos financieros<\/strong>, en cuyo caso est\u00e1n sujetos a <strong>MiFID II<\/strong> - el marco de la UE para los productos de inversi\u00f3n tradicionales.<\/p>\n<p>Este art\u00edculo explica las principales diferencias entre MiCA y MiFID II, los criterios para clasificar los criptoactivos y lo que significa para los emisores y los proveedores de servicios.<br><br><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00bfQu\u00e9 es MiCA?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>MiCA (Reglamento (UE) 2023\/1114) se aplica a los criptoactivos que son <strong>que no est\u00e9n ya reguladas<\/strong> en virtud de la legislaci\u00f3n financiera vigente de la UE. Esto incluye:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Fichas de servicios<\/li>\n<li>Fichas de pago (no vinculadas a fiat)<\/li>\n<li>La mayor\u00eda de las criptomonedas no referenciadas a activos<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>MiCA regula tanto <strong>emisores de criptoactivos<\/strong> y <strong>Proveedores de servicios de criptoactivos (CASP)<\/strong> que ofrecen servicios de negociaci\u00f3n, custodia, intercambio y otros.<\/p>\n<p><strong><br>\u00bfQu\u00e9 es MiFID II?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>La MiFID II (Directiva 2014\/65\/UE) regula <strong>instrumentos financieros<\/strong> como:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Acciones, bonos y derivados<\/li>\n<li>Participaciones en organismos de inversi\u00f3n colectiva<\/li>\n<li>Productos estructurados<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Si un criptoactivo presenta las caracter\u00edsticas de un instrumento financiero, entra en el \u00e1mbito de aplicaci\u00f3n de la MiFID II -no de la MiCA- y debe cumplir normas m\u00e1s estrictas sobre servicios de inversi\u00f3n.<br><br><\/p>\n<p><strong>Distinci\u00f3n clave: Clasificaci\u00f3n jur\u00eddica de una ficha<br><br><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>En <strong>cuesti\u00f3n central<\/strong> para cualquier proyecto es: <strong>\u00bfCalifica mi criptoactivo como instrumento financiero seg\u00fan MiFID II?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>En caso afirmativo \u2192 <strong>Se aplica la MiFID II<\/strong>, no MiCA.<br>Si no \u2192 el activo puede entrar en <strong>MiCA<\/strong>, suponiendo que no sea dinero electr\u00f3nico o un token de seguridad.<br><br><\/p>\n<p><strong>Directrices de la AEVM: C\u00f3mo clasificar los criptoactivos<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>En diciembre de 2024, la AEVM public\u00f3 directrices definitivas (en virtud del art\u00edculo 2, apartado 5, de la MiCA) para ayudar a los reguladores y a los participantes en el mercado a determinar si un criptoactivo puede considerarse un instrumento financiero.<\/p>\n<p>Entre los factores clave figuran:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Derechos adjuntos<\/strong>: \u00bfConcede el token participaci\u00f3n en beneficios, derechos de voto o derechos de reembolso?<\/li>\n<li><strong>Prop\u00f3sito<\/strong>: \u00bfSe utiliza como inversi\u00f3n, especulaci\u00f3n o financiaci\u00f3n?<\/li>\n<li><strong>Estructura<\/strong>: \u00bfSe parece a una acci\u00f3n, un bono o un derivado?<\/li>\n<li><strong>Transferibilidad<\/strong>: \u00bfSe puede negociar o transferir el token de forma que imite a los valores?<br><br><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Si el token desempe\u00f1a funciones econ\u00f3micas similares a las de los instrumentos financieros tradicionales, es probable que entre en el \u00e1mbito de aplicaci\u00f3n de la MiFID II.<br><br><\/p>\n<p><strong>Ejemplos de clasificaci\u00f3n MiFID frente a MiCA<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>Tipo de criptoactivo<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>Regulaci\u00f3n probable<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Un token de utilidad utilizado para acceder a los servicios<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>MiCA (no financiero)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Una ficha que paga dividendos o participaciones en beneficios<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>MiFID (instrumento financiero)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Una moneda electr\u00f3nica vinculada 1:1 al dinero fiduciario<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>MiCA (disposiciones EMT)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Una ficha de seguridad con caracter\u00edsticas similares a los bonos<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>MiFID<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Una stablecoin respaldada por m\u00faltiples activos<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>MiCA (disposiciones ART)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong><br>Por qu\u00e9 es importante<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>La clasificaci\u00f3n determina:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Qu\u00e9 licencia<\/strong> (CASP frente a empresa de inversi\u00f3n MiFID)<\/li>\n<li><strong>Qu\u00e9 normas de divulgaci\u00f3n<\/strong> se aplican a los libros blancos o prospectos<\/li>\n<li><strong>Qu\u00e9 reguladores<\/strong> supervisar la actividad<\/li>\n<li><strong>C\u00f3mo se gestionan los servicios transfronterizos<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>El nivel de protecci\u00f3n de los inversores y el cumplimiento exigido<br><br><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Una clasificaci\u00f3n err\u00f3nea puede dar lugar a <strong>sanciones reglamentarias<\/strong>, y da\u00f1os a la reputaci\u00f3n.<br><br><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00bfPuede un proyecto entrar en ambas categor\u00edas?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>No... <strong>La MiCA no se aplica a los criptoactivos que son instrumentos financieros<\/strong> en el marco de la MiFID II. Los dos marcos son <strong>mutuamente excluyentes<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Sin embargo, una sola empresa podr\u00eda operar <strong>ambos tipos de servicios<\/strong>, siempre que disponga de las licencias adecuadas (por ejemplo, licencia de empresa de inversi\u00f3n MiFID y licencia CASP).<br><br><\/p>\n<p><strong>Conclusi\u00f3n<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Comprender si un criptoactivo entra en el \u00e1mbito de aplicaci\u00f3n de la MiCA o de la MiFID II es un paso crucial para el cumplimiento de la normativa en la UE.<\/p>\n<p>La MiCA aporta claridad a gran parte del mercado de las criptomonedas, pero las empresas que emiten o negocian con tokens con caracter\u00edsticas similares a las inversiones a\u00fan deben considerar si entran dentro de la regulaci\u00f3n financiera tradicional. En caso de duda, es esencial una evaluaci\u00f3n jur\u00eddica detallada.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>With the rollout of MiCA (Markets in Crypto-Assets Regulation), the European Union now has a dedicated regulatory framework for crypto-assets. But not all tokens fall under MiCA. Some crypto-assets may instead be classified as financial instruments, in which case they are subject to MiFID II \u2014 the EU\u2019s framework for traditional investment products. This article [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2921,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[19],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2919","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-digital-assets-blockchain-landscape"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 4.9.10 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Learn the difference between MiCA and MiFID II, and how to classify crypto-assets as either regulated tokens or financial instruments in the EU.\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"team\"\/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/mielogroup.com\/es\/mica-vs-mifid-when-crypto-becomes-a-financial-instrument\/\" \/>\n\t<meta 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